MFM Probes

Electrical Detection of Magnetic Skyrmions in a Magnetic Tunnel Junction

Magnetic skyrmions are promising information carriers for dense and energy-efficient information storage owing to their small size, low driving-current density, and topological stability.* Electrical detection… Read More »Electrical Detection of Magnetic Skyrmions in a Magnetic Tunnel Junction

Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films

Supplementary Figure.S15 from “Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films” by Xin Li et al.: (a) MFM images of h-YbFeO3(001)/ YSZ(111), which were measured in the phase-lock mode 100 nm above the surface with a 3×3 m scan area. The gray scale of the images corresponds to the frequency shift, whose full scale is 1 Hz. The arrows indicate the sequence of the applied magnetic field along the c axis of h-YbFeO3 films. (b) Surface topography of h-YbFeO3 films measured by AFM with a 75 nm full grey scale. (c) Magnetic-field dependence of the roughness of the MFM images calculated using the central part of the images in (a). (d) The distribution of magnetic domain sizes extracted from the central part of the images in (a) with reducing magnetic field. All measurements were taken at 12 K. NANOSENSORS PPP-MFMR AFM probes with magnetic coating were used.

Electrical modulation of magnetic states in single-phase multiferroic materials, using domain-wall magnetoelectric (ME) coupling, can be enhanced substantially by controlling the population density of the… Read More »Domain-wall magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic hexagonal YbFeO3 films

Magnetic Skyrmions in a Thickness Tunable 2D Ferromagnet from a Defect Driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction

by NANOSENSORS
23 September 202215 March 2023
Science & Technology

Figure 4 from “Magnetic Skyrmions in a Thickness Tunable 2D Ferromagnet from a Defect Driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction” by Anirban Chakraborty et al. Thickness dependence of skyrmion size in lamella L2 as imaged by MFM. a) SEM image of the wedge-shaped lamella. The thickness of the lamella varies from ≈100 nm to ≈2 µm. b) MFM image of skyrmions in the lamella at 100 K and 0.032 T. c–f) Evolution of skyrmions as the field is increased from 0.1 to 0.2 T and finally reaches the field polarized state at ≈0.3 T. The blue and red contrast in the MFM images represent up- and down-magnetized domains. All MFM images are at the same scale: a scale bar is shown in (b). g) Skyrmion diameter as a function of lamella thickness including both MFM and LTEM data. NANOSENSORS SSS-MFMR AFM probes for magnetic force microscopy were used for all MFM measurements.

There is considerable interest in van der Waals (vdW) materials as potential hosts for chiral skyrmionic spin textures. Of particular interest is the ferromagnetic, metallic… Read More »Magnetic Skyrmions in a Thickness Tunable 2D Ferromagnet from a Defect Driven Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction

NANOSENSORS AFM probes for Magnetic Force Microscopy

by NANOSENSORS
31 March 202115 March 2023
News & Events, Videos

Did you know that NANOSENSORS offers six different types of AFM probes for Magnetic Force Microscopy ( MFM) for scanning and investigating sample surfaces with… Read More »NANOSENSORS AFM probes for Magnetic Force Microscopy

On the magnetic nanostructure of a Co–Cu alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

by NANOSENSORS
25 March 202115 March 2023
Science & Technology

Fig. 6 from “On the magnetic nanostructure of a Co–Cu alloy processed by high-pressure torsion” by Martin Stückler et al.: 2 μm × 2 μm AFM scans of (a) as-deformed state and (c) 300 °C annealed state. The corresponding MFM scans of the as-deformed and 300 °C annealed state are shown in (b) and (d) respectively. The axial direction of the HPT specimen points out of the plane, the shear direction is in horizontal direction. The lateral scale bar in (a) applies to all scans. The minimum height and phase signal values are shifted to zero for visualization purposes. NANOSENSORS SSS-MFMR magnetic AFM probes optimized for high resolution magnetic force microscopy were used

Lately the production of nanocrystalline magnetic materials starting with coarse grained materials (top-down approach) has received increasing interest.* The advantage of the top-down approach compared… Read More »On the magnetic nanostructure of a Co–Cu alloy processed by high-pressure torsion

Electric-field-driven non-volatile multi-state switching of individual skyrmions in a multiferroic heterostructure

by NANOSENSORS
24 August 202015 March 2023
Science & Technology

Figure 2 from “Electric-field-driven non-volatile multi-state switching of individual skyrmions in a multiferroic heterostructure” by Yadong Wang et al.: Electric-field-induced switching of individual skyrmion. The transferred average strain εave and corresponding magnetic domain evolution processes in the d ~ 350 nm a [Pt/Co/Ta]12 and b [Pt/Co/Ta]8 nano-dots in a cycle of E ranging from +10 to −10 kV cm−1. Positive εave (red dots) represents tensile strain while negative εave (blue dots) represents compressive strain. μ0H represents the external magnetic field except that from the MFM tip and here μ0H is equal to be 0 mT. The inset of b illustrates the spin texture of the magnetic domain that is encompassed by the red box. The stripe domain enclosed by the black box shows the initial state of the magnetic domain evolution path. The gray dots represent the corresponding electric field for the MFM images. The MFM contrast represents the MFM tip resonant frequency shift (Δf). The scale bar represents 250 nm. NANOSENSORS™ PPP-LM-MFMR low moment magnetic AFM probes were used

Electrical manipulation of skyrmions attracts considerable attention for its rich physics and promising applications. To date, such a manipulation is realized mainly via spin-polarized current… Read More »Electric-field-driven non-volatile multi-state switching of individual skyrmions in a multiferroic heterostructure

Observation of a gel of quantum vortices in a superconductor at very low magnetic fields

by NANOSENSORS
13 May 202015 March 2023
Science & Technology

figure 8 from “Observation of a gel of quantum vortices in a superconductor at very low magnetic fields” by José Benito Llorens et al.: Behavior of the hexagonal vortex lattice as a function of temperature measured with MFM. In (a)–(c), the images are taken at 2.75,3.75, and 4.5 K, respectively at 300 G. The color scale represents the observed frequency shift. Scale bar is 1μm. Blue lines are the Delaunay triangulation of vortex positions. Blue and red points in (a) highlight vortices with seven and five nearest neighbors respectively. The dark arrow at the bottom highlights the position of the vertical line discussed in the text.

A gel consists of a network of particles or molecules formed for example using the sol-gel process, by which a solution transforms into a porous… Read More »Observation of a gel of quantum vortices in a superconductor at very low magnetic fields